From Johannesburg to Kazan: on the final Declaration of the XVI BRICS summit in 2024

On October 24, the 16th BRICS summit concluded in Kazan, attended by 35 delegations and 22 world leaders. The summit ended with the adoption of a new declaration, “Strengthening Multilateralism for Equitable Global Development and Security,” a traditional official BRICS document that can be used to judge the level of mutual understanding among the participating countries and the vector of integration. The document consists of 134 points, spread over 43 pages, and is the largest document in terms of content in the entire history of BRICS summit diplomacy.